Which of the following attacks allows attacker to acquire access to the communication channels between the victim and server to extract the information?

• A. Man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack
• B. Rainbow attack
• C. Replay attack
• D. Distributed network attack

Answer: (A)

Intercepting and potentially changing the traffic between a victim and a server is what a man-in-the-middle attack does. In this scenario, the attacker positions themselves on the communication path—by compromising a router, creating a rogue Wi‑Fi access point, or doing ARP spoofing on a local network—so every message between the client and server flows through the attacker. This placement lets them read sensitive data, capture credentials, and even modify messages or inject malicious content. Even with encryption, an attacker might try to bypass protections by techniques like TLS interception if the environment allows it, or exploit weak configurations to downgrade security.

Rainbow attacks focus on cracking password hashes offline, not live traffic interception. A replay attack involves capturing a valid message and reusing it later, which is about reusing data rather than continuously observing the channel. A distributed network attack, such as a DDoS, aims to overwhelm services rather than gain access to the contents of a specific communication channel.